Effect of Stress Management Training on the Mental Health of Medical Students and Interns Training Centers During the Pandemic: An Intervention Study
Abstract
Background: Medical students, as a part of the first line of combating COVID-19, have been exposed to harm caused by mental disorders.
Methods: sixteen training and internship students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences from 2020-2021 were included in this intervention study. The intervention group completed the stress management training course in 6 sessions. Mental health dimensions were collected with the SCL90 questionnaire before and after intervention in both groups. SPSS 22 software and Mann-Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test were utilized for data analysis.
Results: The basic data showed no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean scores of physical complaint, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal relations, depression, anxiety, aggression, fear, paranoid and psychotic dimensions in the intervention group significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In controls, the obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, and aggression dimensions significantly decreased (P < 0.05). However, in controls, there was no significant difference in the mean score of other dimensions before and after intervention (P > 0.05). Before the intervention, the frequency distribution of various levels of sensitivity to interpersonal relationships in the two studied groups was the same (P > 0.05); after the intervention, these levels were significantly different between groups (P < 0.05). After intervention, the control group had a higher frequency distribution of individuals with degrees of depression (P <0.05).
Conclusions: The mental health of medical internship students during a crisis can be improved by stress management training, which reduces anxiety and depression. Therefore, stress management courses are recommended in stressful situations.
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26. Tejada-Gallardo C, Blasco-Belled A, Torrelles-Nadal C, et al. Effects of school-based multicomponent positive psychology interventions on well-being and distress in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2020;49:1943-1960.
27. Anvari J and Sardary B. The Effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on improving cognitive emotion regulation strategies in male secondary high school students with anxiety symptoms Positive Psychology Research. 2019;5:31-46.
28. Kardani S and DashtBozorgi Z. The Effect of Positive Mindfulness Education on Health Anxiety, Feeling of Happiness and Health Adjustment of Nurses in During the Covid-19 Pandemic Journal of Nursing Education. 2022;10:0-0.
29. Dincer B and Inangil D. The effect of Emotional Freedom Techniques on nurses' stress, anxiety, and burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial Explore. 2021;17:109-114.
30. Xu J, Liu X, Xiao Y, et al. Effect of EAP Psychological Intervention on Improving the Mental Health of Medical Workers Under the Novel Coronavirus Epidemic in China Front Public Health. 2021;649157-649157.
31. Ierardi E, Bottini M and Riva Crugnola C. Effectiveness of an online versus face-to-face psychodynamic counselling intervention for university students before and during the COVID-19 period BMC psychology. 2022;10:1-10.
32. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 JAMA network open. 2020;3:e203976-e203976.
33. Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study Brain, behavior, and immunity. 2020;87:11-17.
34. Liu Q, Luo D, Haase JE, et al. The experiences of health-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study The Lancet Global Health. 2020;8:e790-e798.
35. Liu X, Kakade M, Fuller CJ, et al. Depression after exposure to stressful events: lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic Comprehensive psychiatry. 2012;53:15-23.
36. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho A-R, et al. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients Comprehensive psychiatry. 2018;87:123-127.
37. Day M. Covid-19: four fifths of cases are asymptomatic, China figures indicate. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2020.
38. Weaver MD, Vetter C, Rajaratnam SM, et al. Sleep disorders, depression and anxiety are associated with adverse safety outcomes in healthcare workers: A prospective cohort study Journal of sleep research. 2018;27:e12722.
39. Du J, Dong L, Wang T, et al. Psychological symptoms among frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan General hospital psychiatry. 2020;67:144.
40. Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7:e15-e16.
41. Liu C-Y, Yang Y-z, Zhang X-M, et al. The prevalence and influencing factors in anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional survey Epidemiology & Infection. 2020;148.
42. Park S-C and Park YC. Mental health care measures in response to the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Korea Psychiatry investigation. 2020;17:85.
43. Farzani M, Shalbaf ZKH and Zandkarimi G. Evaluation of the effectiveness of psychological interventions on anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review study Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ). 2022;11:181-190.
44. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Jama. 2020;323:1061-1069.
45. Pfefferbaum B and North CS. Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;383:510-512.
2. Yang L, Wu D, Hou Y, et al. Analysis of psychological state and clinical psychological intervention model of patients with COVID-19. 2020.
3. Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, et al. Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7:17-18.
4. Salehiniya H and Abbaszadeh H. Prevalence of corona‐associated anxiety and mental health disorder among dentists during the COVID‐19 pandemic Neuropsychopharmacology reports. 2021;41:223-229.
5. Zhang W-r, Wang K, Yin L, et al. Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2020;89:242-250.
6. Khanal P, Devkota N, Dahal M, et al. Mental health impacts among health workers during COVID-19 in a low resource setting: a cross-sectional survey from Nepal Globalization and Health. 2020;16:89.
7. Salehiniya H, Hatamian S and Abbaszadeh H. Mental health status of dentists during COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis Health Science Reports. 2022;5:e617.
8. Li L, Wan C, Ding R, et al. Mental distress among Liberian medical staff working at the China Ebola Treatment Unit: a cross sectional study Health and quality of life outcomes. 2015;13:1-6.
9. Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 2009;54:302-311.
10. eyni S, ebadi m and torabi n. Developing a model of Corona Anxiety in Students Based on Optimism and Resilience: The Mediating role of the Perceived Social Support Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy. 2020;11:1-32.
11. Wu Z and McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jama. 2020;323:1239-1242.
12. Mittal R, Su L and Jain R. COVID-19 mental health consequences on medical students worldwide Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives. Taylor & Francis; 2021;11:296-298.
13. Chandratre S. Medical Students and COVID-19: Challenges and Supportive Strategies J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2020;7:2382120520935059.
14. Xiong P, Ming W-k, Zhang C, et al. Factors Influencing Mental Health Among Chinese Medical and Non-medical Students in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic Frontiers in Public Health. 2021;9.
15. Essangri H, Sabir M, Benkabbou A, et al. Predictive Factors for Impaired Mental Health among Medical Students during the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Morocco Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021;104:95-102.
16. Rees CS and Maclaine E. A systematic review of videoconference‐delivered psychological treatment for anxiety disorders Australian Psychologist. 2015;50:259-264.
17. García‐Lizana F and Muñoz‐Mayorga I. Telemedicine for depression: a systematic review Perspectives in psychiatric care. 2010;46:119-126.
18. Turgoose D, Ashwick R and Murphy D. Systematic review of lessons learned from delivering tele-therapy to veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder Journal of telemedicine and telecare. 2018;24:575-585.
19. Shahroie A, Mehrabizadeh Honarmand M, Mohammad Hassan Adel S, et al. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention on general health patients with cardiovascular disease Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal. 2017;15:757-766.
20. Derogatis LR and Lipman RS. SCALE-PRELIMINARY REPORT Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 1973.
21. Akhavan Abiri F and Shairi MR. Validity and Reliability of Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Brief Symptom Inventory-53 (BSI-53) Clinical Psychology and Personality. 2020;17:169-195.
22. Tabrizizadeh M, Ardakani SMY, Rostamzade P, et al. The Mental Health Status of Students of Medicine and Dentistry; A Study in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Strides in Development of Medical Education. 2012;9:153-.
23. Sahranavard S, Esmaeili A, Salehiniya H, et al. The effectiveness of group training of cognitive behavioral therapy-based stress management on anxiety, hardiness and self-efficacy in female medical students Journal of education and health promotion. 2019;8.
24. Narimani F, Azmoudeh M, Livar Jani S, et al. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Positivist Psychology group education and Metacognition group education on the academic Achievement Motivation of Quarantined female Students with their families Women and Family Studies. 2022;-.
25. Schotanus-Dijkstra M, Keyes CL, de Graaf R, et al. Recovery from mood and anxiety disorders: The influence of positive mental health Journal of affective disorders. 2019;252:107-113.
26. Tejada-Gallardo C, Blasco-Belled A, Torrelles-Nadal C, et al. Effects of school-based multicomponent positive psychology interventions on well-being and distress in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2020;49:1943-1960.
27. Anvari J and Sardary B. The Effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on improving cognitive emotion regulation strategies in male secondary high school students with anxiety symptoms Positive Psychology Research. 2019;5:31-46.
28. Kardani S and DashtBozorgi Z. The Effect of Positive Mindfulness Education on Health Anxiety, Feeling of Happiness and Health Adjustment of Nurses in During the Covid-19 Pandemic Journal of Nursing Education. 2022;10:0-0.
29. Dincer B and Inangil D. The effect of Emotional Freedom Techniques on nurses' stress, anxiety, and burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial Explore. 2021;17:109-114.
30. Xu J, Liu X, Xiao Y, et al. Effect of EAP Psychological Intervention on Improving the Mental Health of Medical Workers Under the Novel Coronavirus Epidemic in China Front Public Health. 2021;649157-649157.
31. Ierardi E, Bottini M and Riva Crugnola C. Effectiveness of an online versus face-to-face psychodynamic counselling intervention for university students before and during the COVID-19 period BMC psychology. 2022;10:1-10.
32. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 JAMA network open. 2020;3:e203976-e203976.
33. Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study Brain, behavior, and immunity. 2020;87:11-17.
34. Liu Q, Luo D, Haase JE, et al. The experiences of health-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study The Lancet Global Health. 2020;8:e790-e798.
35. Liu X, Kakade M, Fuller CJ, et al. Depression after exposure to stressful events: lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic Comprehensive psychiatry. 2012;53:15-23.
36. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho A-R, et al. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients Comprehensive psychiatry. 2018;87:123-127.
37. Day M. Covid-19: four fifths of cases are asymptomatic, China figures indicate. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2020.
38. Weaver MD, Vetter C, Rajaratnam SM, et al. Sleep disorders, depression and anxiety are associated with adverse safety outcomes in healthcare workers: A prospective cohort study Journal of sleep research. 2018;27:e12722.
39. Du J, Dong L, Wang T, et al. Psychological symptoms among frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan General hospital psychiatry. 2020;67:144.
40. Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7:e15-e16.
41. Liu C-Y, Yang Y-z, Zhang X-M, et al. The prevalence and influencing factors in anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional survey Epidemiology & Infection. 2020;148.
42. Park S-C and Park YC. Mental health care measures in response to the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Korea Psychiatry investigation. 2020;17:85.
43. Farzani M, Shalbaf ZKH and Zandkarimi G. Evaluation of the effectiveness of psychological interventions on anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review study Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ). 2022;11:181-190.
44. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Jama. 2020;323:1061-1069.
45. Pfefferbaum B and North CS. Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;383:510-512.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 7, No 3 (2023) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/htaa.v7i3.14212 | |
| Keywords | ||
| : education stress management mental health student | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Abbasi S, Mohammadi Y, Raeisoon M. Effect of Stress Management Training on the Mental Health of Medical Students and Interns Training Centers During the Pandemic: An Intervention Study. Health Tech Ass Act. 2023;7(3).
