Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression, Cognitive Flexibility, and Cognitive Regulation of Emotion in Women with Breast Cancer
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Abstract
Abstract
Background: In this research, the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy on depression, cognitive flexibility, and cognitive regulation of emotion in women with breast cancer was discussed.
Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with two experimental and control groups, conducted on 30 women with breast cancer in Tehran who participated in the study willingly and knowingly. The subjects were divided into two groups based on random sampling. This research used Beck Depression Questionnaire, Dennis and Vander Wal Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, Garnefski, Kraaij and Spinhoven Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Leahy group cognitive behavioral protocol. The treatment protocol was conducted during eight 90-minute sessions. Finally, a post-test was taken from both groups two months later. The collected data was entered into the SPSS-20 program and analyzed with covariance statistical tests and a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results indicated a significant difference between the scores of the two groups in depression, cognitive flexibility, and cognitive regulation of excitement (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Based on the findings, it was concluded that increasing the cognitive flexibility and cognitive regulation of emotions of women with breast cancer can enhance the cognitive behavioral therapy group method.
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20. Garnefski N, Kraaij V, Spinhoven P. Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual differences,2011; 30(8), 1311-1327.
21. Sharifi Bastan F, Zahraei S, Yazdi S M. The role of cognitive regulation strategies of positive and negative emotions and emotions in predicting the resilience of women with breast cancer. Journal of Psychiatry,2015; 4(2): 38-49.
22. Joladari S, Sodagar S, Bahrami Hidji M. The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological flexibility and cognitive regulation of emotion in women with breast cancer. Applied Psychology Scientific Quarterly. 2018; 4(52): 527-548.
23. Dennis J. P, Vander Wal J. S. The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive Therapy Research. 2010; 34, 241–253.
24. Rahmani S, Haji Rasooliha Z, Roshandel Z, Ghaedi F, Mohammadpour S, Dennis J. P, Vander Wal J. S. The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive Therapy Research. 2010; 14(34): 241–253.
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26. Jafari Kharatzadeh H, Hosseini S M, Mohammadi A. The relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance with depression in vitiligo patients. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2020; 11(4): 71-77
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29. Dehnabi A, Radspahr H. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on body image concerns and improving cognitive flexibility in women with systemic lupus erythematosus, Skin and Beauty Quarterly. 2016; 8(3): 146-155.
30. Artmanzadeh R. Sajjadian I. Effectiveness of positive group intervention on psychological well-being, resilience ,and happiness of homeless adolescent girls. Journal of Positive Psychology, 2015; 2(2): 35-50.
31. Fanai S, Habib Elahi A, Ghazanfari A. Effectiveness of group-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on mental health and psychological flexibility of overweight people. Cognitive Psychology and Psychiatry. 2014; 2(2): 28-40.
2. Joladari S, Sodagar S, Bahrami Hidji M. The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological flexibility and cognitive regulation of emotion in women with breast cancer. Applied Psychology Scientific Quarterly,2018; 4(52): 527-548.
3. Darioni, S. Positive Psychology as a new movement in identifying of disorder. Journal of Psychiatry. 2016; 5, 34-46.
4. De Zwart P. L, Jeronimus B. F, de Jonge, P. Empirical evidence for definitions of episode, remission, recovery, relapse and recurrence in depression: a systematic review. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences. 2019; 28(5), 544-562.
5. Berking M, Wirtz C.M, Svaidi J, Hofmann S.G. Emotion regulation predicts.2014.
6. Sharifi Bastan F, Shaghaig Z, Yazdi S M. The role of cognitive regulation strategies of positive and negative emotions and emotions in predicting the resilience of women with breast cancer. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2015; 4(2): 38-49
7. Brandão T, Schulz M. S, Matos P. M. Psychological adjustment after breast cancer: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Psycho‐oncology. 2016; 26(7), 917-926.
8. Beamer L. C, Grant M. Skin-related quality of life among midwestern US community-based women with breast cancer experiencing radiodermatitis. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2019; 6(1), 50-56
9. Rikhye R. V, Gilra A, Halassa M. M. Thalamic regulation of switching between cortical representations enables cognitive flexibility. Nature neuroscience. 2018; 21(12), 1753-1763.
10. Mayr N. A, Borm K. J, Kalet A. M, Wootton, L. S, Chadderdon A. L, Combs S. E. ... & Meyer J. Reducing cardiac radiation dose from breast cancer radiation therapy with breath hold training and cognitive behavioral therapy. Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2020; 29(3), 135-148.
11. Bomyea J, Ball T. M, Simmons A. N, Campbell-Sills L, Paulus M. P, Stein M. B. Change in neural response during emotion regulation is associated with symptom reduction in cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020; 16(271), 207-214.
12. Nagata S, Seki Y, Shibuya T, Yokoo M, Murata T, Hiramatsu Y, ... Kusunoki M. Does cognitive behavioral therapy alter mental defeat and cognitive flexibility in patients with panic disorder?. BMC research notes. 2018; 11(1), 1-7.
13. Folsom T. D, Merz A, Grant J. E, Fatemi N, Fatemi S. A, Fatemi S. H. Profiles in history of neuroscience and psychiatry. In The Medical Basis of Psychiatry.2016; 5(49), 925-1007
14. Rajabi G, Shamouni S, Aman Elahi A. The effect of group cognitive behavioral therapy on reducing depression symptoms in teenage girls. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies. 20147; 15(29): 125-148.
15. Gartlehner G, Wagner G, Matyas N, Titscher V, Greimel J, Lux L, G, Bradley N, Viswanathan M, Patel, S. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for major depressive disorder: review of systematic reviews. BMJ Open. 2017; 7 (6), 014912.
16. García-Betances RI, Cabrera-Umpiérrez M F, Arredondo M. T. Computerized neurocognitive interventions in the context of the brain training controversy. Reviews in the Neurosciences. 2018; 29(1), 55-69.
17. Delavar A. Theoretical and practical foundations of research in humanities and social sciences. Tehran: Roshd Publications. 2014.
18. Beck A.T, Steer R.A. Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation. 1998.
19. Rahimi G. Application of Beck depression questionnaire in Iranian students. Two scientific-research quarterly magazines of Shahid University. 2013; 21(10): 173-188.
20. Garnefski N, Kraaij V, Spinhoven P. Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual differences,2011; 30(8), 1311-1327.
21. Sharifi Bastan F, Zahraei S, Yazdi S M. The role of cognitive regulation strategies of positive and negative emotions and emotions in predicting the resilience of women with breast cancer. Journal of Psychiatry,2015; 4(2): 38-49.
22. Joladari S, Sodagar S, Bahrami Hidji M. The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological flexibility and cognitive regulation of emotion in women with breast cancer. Applied Psychology Scientific Quarterly. 2018; 4(52): 527-548.
23. Dennis J. P, Vander Wal J. S. The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive Therapy Research. 2010; 34, 241–253.
24. Rahmani S, Haji Rasooliha Z, Roshandel Z, Ghaedi F, Mohammadpour S, Dennis J. P, Vander Wal J. S. The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive Therapy Research. 2010; 14(34): 241–253.
25. Leahy R. L. Cognitive-behavioral therapy: proven effectiveness. Psychol Today.2011.
26. Jafari Kharatzadeh H, Hosseini S M, Mohammadi A. The relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance with depression in vitiligo patients. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2020; 11(4): 71-77
27. Wang S. B, Wang Y. Y, Zhang Q. E, Wu S. L, Ng C. H, Ungvari G. S, ... Xiang Y T. Cognitive behavioral therapy for post-stroke depression: a meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders. 2018; 235, 589-596.
28. Kelly H. Desperately Seeking Hope and Help for Your Nerves? Try Reading Hope and Help for Your Nerves. New York Times. New York Times. 2021.
29. Dehnabi A, Radspahr H. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on body image concerns and improving cognitive flexibility in women with systemic lupus erythematosus, Skin and Beauty Quarterly. 2016; 8(3): 146-155.
30. Artmanzadeh R. Sajjadian I. Effectiveness of positive group intervention on psychological well-being, resilience ,and happiness of homeless adolescent girls. Journal of Positive Psychology, 2015; 2(2): 35-50.
31. Fanai S, Habib Elahi A, Ghazanfari A. Effectiveness of group-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on mental health and psychological flexibility of overweight people. Cognitive Psychology and Psychiatry. 2014; 2(2): 28-40.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 6, No 3 (2022) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/htaa.v6i3.12433 | |
| Keywords | ||
| group cognitive behavioral therapy depression cognitive flexibility cognitive regulation of emotion women with breast cancer | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Danaei Kousha M, Tabatabaei samaneh sadat, Shahabizadeh F, Ahi G. Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression, Cognitive Flexibility, and Cognitive Regulation of Emotion in Women with Breast Cancer. Health Tech Ass Act. 2023;6(3).
