Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Group Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy in Mental, Spiritual, and Social Health of Addicts
,
Abstract
Introduction: The mental health of addicts and selection of appropriate treatment methods are of great importance. Given the role of spirituality and social health of addicts for their relapse prevention and treatment, this studyaimed to assess the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT) in mental, spiritual and social health of addicts referred to health centers in Birjand.
Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. All addicts referring to health centers on the outskirts of Birjand - the vulnerable areas of Birjand - were selected in 2018-19to performthe present study. Convenient sampling method was used to select subjects. But the selection of groups was done randomly, so that addicts were divided into three groups of 32 according to the objectives of the study. Social Well-Being Questionnaire of Keyes, Spiritual Health Questionnaire of Alisons and Palowtzin and General Health Questionnaire ofGoldberg were used in the study and groupcognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy were held in 12 60-minutessessions based on treatment protocols.
Results: The results of Tukey post hoc test showed that the mean score of religious and existential health after the intervention in the ACT group was significantly higher than the control group. Also, the results of paired t-test showed that the mean score of religious and existential health in the ACT group and the mean score of religious health in the CBT group were significantly higher after the intervention than before intervention (p <0.001).
The results of Tukey post hoc test also showed that the mean of social actualization, social solidarity, social cohesion, social acceptance and social participation in the ACT group after the intervention was significantly higher than the control group. The results of paired t-test showed that the mean scores of social actualization, solidarity, cohesion and participation in the ACT group and the mean scores of social acceptance and cohesion in the CBT group after the intervention were significantly higher than before it. The results also showed that the mean score of physical health, low anxiety, non-dysfunction and low depression in the ACT and CBT groups after the intervention were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The results showed that both ACT and CBT have been effective on the mental, spiritual and social health of addicts. But the ACT plays a greater role in the mental, spiritual and social health of addicts.
References
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2. Yang, J. C., Roman-Urrestarazu, A., & Brayne, C. (2019). Differences in receipt of opioid agonist treatment and time to enter treatment for opioid use disorder among specialty addiction programs in the United States, 2014-17.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226349
3. Levis, S. C., Bentzley, B. S., Molet, J., Bolton, J. L., Perrone, C. R., Baram, T. Z., & Mahler, S. V. (2019). On the early life origins of vulnerability to opioid addiction. Molecular Psychiatry, 1-8.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0628-5
4. Lardier Jr, D. T., Barrios, V. R., Garcia-Reid, P., & Reid, R. J. (2018). Preventing substance use among Hispanic urban youth: Valuing the role of family, social support networks, school importance, and community engagement. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 27(5-6), 251-263.https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466748
5. Shakeri, S., dabiri, S. (2018). The Comparison of Social Health in Substance-dependent and Normal. Social Health & Addiction, 5 (18), 139-152. [Persian]
6. Taheri, M., Ghasemi, E., Negarandeh, R., Janani, L., & Mirbazegh, F. (2019). Social Wellbeing Among Iranian Caregivers. Social Indicators Research, 141(2), 657-667. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11205-018-1859-6
7. Awgu, E., Magura, S & Coryn, C. (2016). Social capital, substance use disorder and depression among youths. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 42(2), 213-221. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2015.1111900
8. Evans, C. B., Cotter, K. L., Rose, R. A & Smokowski, P. R. (2016). Substance use in rural adolescents: The impact of social capital, anti-social capital, and social capital deprivation. Journal of addictive diseases, 35(4), 244- 257. https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2016.1171671
9. Gorji Karsamei, A., Siahcheshm, M., Mousavi, J., Saif, H. (2018).The relationship between social capital and citizen participation In the prevention of addiction. Crime Prevention Studies, 12(46), 81-103. [Persian]
10. Yazdanpanah, L., & Nikvarz, T. (2015). Relationship between Social Factors and Social Health among Students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Journal of Applied Sociology (1735-000X), 59(3). [Persian]
11. Rad, F., Mohammadzadeh, F., & Mohammadzadeh, H. (2015). Religion and Social Health: The Relationship between Religiosity andSocial Health (A Case study of the Students of Payam-e Noor University, Marand). Journal of Social Sciences,12(2), 29-34.[Persian]
12. Staton-Tindall, M., Duvall, J., Stevens-Watkins, D., & Oser, C. B. (2013). The roles of spirituality in the relationship between traumatic life events, mental health, and drug use among African American women from one southern state. Substance use & misuse, 48(12), 1246-1257.http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2013.799023.
13. Wills, T.A.; & Year, M.A.; & Sandy, J. (2003). Buffering effects of religiosity for adolescent substance use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17(1), 24-31.https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-164X.17.1.24
14. Turiano, N.A., Whiteman, S.D., Hampson, S.E., Roberts, B.W & Mroczek, D.K. (2012). Personality and substance use in midlife: Conscientiousness as a moderator and the effectsof trait change. Journal of research in personality, 46, 295–305.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.02.009
15. Gomes F.C., de Andrade A.G., Izbicki R., Moreira Almeida A& Oliveira L.G. (2013). Religion as a protect ive factor against drug use among Brazilian university students: a national survey. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria, 35(1), 29-37.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbp.2012.05.010
16. Moore, E.W., Berkley-Patton, J.Y., &Hawes, S.M. (2013). Religiosity, Alcohol Use, and Sex Behaviors Among College Student-Athletes. J Relig Health. 52(3), 930-40.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-011-9543-z
17. Rezaei, J. (2018). Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy with Emphasis on Islamic-Based Spiritual Beliefs on Increasing the Spirituality and Mental Health of Multiple Sclerosis Patients; a Case Study of Markazi Province, Iran. Islamic Life Journal, 2(1), 5-12.[Persian]
18. Carlson, K. M., & González-Prendes, A. A. (2016). Cognitive behavioral therapy with religious and spiritual clients: A critical perspective. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 18(4), 253-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19349637.2016.1159940
19. Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour research and therapy, 44(1), 1-25.
20. Florensa, M. V. A., Keliat, B. A., Wardani, I. Y., & Sulistiowati, N. M. D. (2019). Promoting the Mental Health of Adolescents through Cognitive Behavior Group Therapy and Family Psychoeducation. Comprehensive child and adolescent nursing, 42(sup1), 267-276.https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2019.1594459
21. A-tjak, J. G., Davis, M. L., Morina, N., Powers, M. B., Smits, J. A., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2015). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy for clinically relevant mental and physical health problems. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 84(1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1159/000365764.
22. Hayes, S. C., & Lillis, J. (2012). Theories of psychotherapy series. Acceptance and commitment therapy. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
23. Harada, T., Tsutomi, H., Mori, R., & Wilson, D. B. (2019). Cognitive‐behavioural treatment for amphetamine‐type stimulants (ATS)‐use disorders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (12).https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1026
24. Morita, N., Suetsugu, S., Shimane, T., Okasaka, Y., Kiyoshige, T., & Iwai, K. (2007). Development of a manualized cognitive behavioral therapy program for Japanese drug addicts and a study of the efficacy of the program. Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi, 42(5), 487-505.
25. Granillo, M.T., Perron, B.E., Jarman, C & Gutowski, S.M. (2012). Cognitive behavioral therapy with substance use disorders: Theory, evidence, and practice. In Social Work Practice in the Addictions. Springer New York. 101-118. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5357-4_7
26. Azkhosh, M., Farhoudianm, A., Saadati, H., Shoaee, F., & Lashani, L. (2016). Comparing acceptance and commitment group therapy and 12-steps Narcotics Anonymous in Addict’s rehabilitation process: a randomized controlled trial. Iranian journal of psychiatry, 11(4), 244. PMCID:PMC5206327
27. Narimani, M., Abbasi, M., Abolghasemi, A., & Ahadi, B. (2013). A study comparing the effectiveness of acceptance/commitment by emotional regulation training on adjustment in students with dyscalculia. Journal of Learning Disabilities,2(4),177-185. [Persian]
28. Babapour Kheiroddin, J., Toosi, F., & Hekmati, I. (2010). Study of determinant factors role of students’ social well-being. Journal of Psychology, 16(4), 1-19. [Persian]
29. Pourafkari, N. (2011). The examination of factor affecting on social health’ students in Paveh city.iau- shoshtar, 6(18): 41-60. [Persian]
30. Janbabaei, G., Esmaeili, R., Mosavinasab, N., & Rajbar, M. (2014). A survey of the role of spiritual health and its related factors in the patients with metastatic digestive cancer. Journal of Religion and Health, 2(1), 9-14. [Persian]
31. Fathi, N., Shahmoradi, M., Sheikhi, S. (2016). The impact of life skills training on mental health and individual-social adjustment in male students in the first year of high schools in Shoush city. Journal of Educational Studies, Aja University of Medical Sciences, 4(7), 1-10. [Persian]
32. Nemati, M., Dokaneheeifard, F., & Behboodi, M. (2020). Comparing Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) and Combining ACT & EFT in the Spiritual Well-being of Couples Referring to Counseling Centers in Sari: An Experimental Study. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat, 6(1), 87-99.https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i1.21369.
33. Rostami, M., Rasouli, M., & Kasaee, A. (2019). Comparison of the effect of group counseling based on spirituality-based therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on improving the quality of life the elderly. Journal of Applied Counseling, 9(1), 87-110. [Persian]
34. Wang, J., Mann, F., Lloyd-Evans, B., Ma, R., & Johnson, S. (2018). Associations between loneliness and perceived social support and outcomes of mental health problems: a systematic review. BMC psychiatry, 18(1), 156.
35. Hart, S. L., Hoyt, M. A., Diefenbach, M., Anderson, D. R., Kilbourn, K. M., Craft, L. L.,&Spring, B. (2012). Meta-analysis of efficacy of interventions for elevated depressive symptoms in adults diagnosed with cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 104(13), 990-1004. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djs256
36. Carroll, K. M., & Onken, L. S. (2005). Behavioral therapies for drug abuse. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(8), 1452-1460.https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1452
37. Karamoozian, M., Baghery, M., Darekordi, A., & Aminizadeh, M. (2014). Impact of Cognitive – Behavioral Group therapy Stress Management Intervention on mental health and pain coping strategies breast cancer patients. Ijbd, 7(2), 56-66. [Persian]
38. Mollazade, J., & Ashouri, A. (2009). The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in improve-ment of relapse prevention skills and mental health in the addicts. Scientific Journal of Clinical Psychology & Personality, 1(34), 1-12. [Persian]
39. Kooistra, L. C., Wiersma, J. E., Ruwaard, J., Neijenhuijs, K., Lokkerbol, J., van Oppen, P., & Riper, H. (2019). Cost and effectiveness of blended versus standard cognitive behavioral therapy for outpatients with depression in routine specialized mental health care: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal of medical Internet research, 21(10), e14261.doi:10.2196/14261
40. Wright, J., Basco, M., & Thase, M. (2008). Learning Cognitive-Behavior Therapy: An Illustrated Guide. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry, 10(3), 256. PMCID: PMC2446490
41. Mahmoudi, H., & Ghaderi, S. (2017). Effectiveness Of Acceptance And Commitment Group Therapy In Reducing Depression, Stress, And Anxiety Among Ex-Addicts In Tabriz Central. Prisonresearch On Addiction, 11(43).
42. Choi, D., & Kim, S. (2017). An integrative review of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for mental health problem. Korean Journal of Stress Research, 25(2), 75-85.https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2017.25.2.75
43. Twohig, M. P., & Levin, M. E. (2017). Acceptance and commitment therapy as a treatment for anxiety and depression: A review. Psychiatric Clinics, 40(4), 751-770.doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.009.
44. Azizi, S., RasoolZade Tabatabaie, K., & Janbozorgi, M. (2019). Comparing the Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on Depression Taking into Account the Level of Psycho-Spiritual Development (Case Study). Quarterly of Clinical Psychology Studies Allameh Tabataba’i University, 9 (35), 147-72.
45. Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change. 2th ed. New York: Guilford Press.
46. Mohagheghi, H., Dousti, P., & Jafari, D. (2016). The Effectiveness Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy On Reduction, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia And Health Anxiety In Students. Quarterly Journal Of Clinical Psychology, 23(6), 81-94. (Persian)
1. Taqi, M. M., Faisal, M., & Zaman, H. (2019). OPRM1 A118G Polymorphisms and Its Role in Opioid Addiction: Implication on Severity and Treatment Approaches. Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, 12, 361.doi: 10.2147/PGPM.S198654.
2. Yang, J. C., Roman-Urrestarazu, A., & Brayne, C. (2019). Differences in receipt of opioid agonist treatment and time to enter treatment for opioid use disorder among specialty addiction programs in the United States, 2014-17.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226349
3. Levis, S. C., Bentzley, B. S., Molet, J., Bolton, J. L., Perrone, C. R., Baram, T. Z., & Mahler, S. V. (2019). On the early life origins of vulnerability to opioid addiction. Molecular Psychiatry, 1-8.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0628-5
4. Lardier Jr, D. T., Barrios, V. R., Garcia-Reid, P., & Reid, R. J. (2018). Preventing substance use among Hispanic urban youth: Valuing the role of family, social support networks, school importance, and community engagement. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 27(5-6), 251-263.https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466748
5. Shakeri, S., dabiri, S. (2018). The Comparison of Social Health in Substance-dependent and Normal. Social Health & Addiction, 5 (18), 139-152. [Persian]
6. Taheri, M., Ghasemi, E., Negarandeh, R., Janani, L., & Mirbazegh, F. (2019). Social Wellbeing Among Iranian Caregivers. Social Indicators Research, 141(2), 657-667. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11205-018-1859-6
7. Awgu, E., Magura, S & Coryn, C. (2016). Social capital, substance use disorder and depression among youths. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 42(2), 213-221. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2015.1111900
8. Evans, C. B., Cotter, K. L., Rose, R. A & Smokowski, P. R. (2016). Substance use in rural adolescents: The impact of social capital, anti-social capital, and social capital deprivation. Journal of addictive diseases, 35(4), 244- 257. https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2016.1171671
9. Gorji Karsamei, A., Siahcheshm, M., Mousavi, J., Saif, H. (2018).The relationship between social capital and citizen participation In the prevention of addiction. Crime Prevention Studies, 12(46), 81-103. [Persian]
10. Yazdanpanah, L., & Nikvarz, T. (2015). Relationship between Social Factors and Social Health among Students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Journal of Applied Sociology (1735-000X), 59(3). [Persian]
11. Rad, F., Mohammadzadeh, F., & Mohammadzadeh, H. (2015). Religion and Social Health: The Relationship between Religiosity andSocial Health (A Case study of the Students of Payam-e Noor University, Marand). Journal of Social Sciences,12(2), 29-34.[Persian]
12. Staton-Tindall, M., Duvall, J., Stevens-Watkins, D., & Oser, C. B. (2013). The roles of spirituality in the relationship between traumatic life events, mental health, and drug use among African American women from one southern state. Substance use & misuse, 48(12), 1246-1257.http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2013.799023.
13. Wills, T.A.; & Year, M.A.; & Sandy, J. (2003). Buffering effects of religiosity for adolescent substance use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17(1), 24-31.https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-164X.17.1.24
14. Turiano, N.A., Whiteman, S.D., Hampson, S.E., Roberts, B.W & Mroczek, D.K. (2012). Personality and substance use in midlife: Conscientiousness as a moderator and the effectsof trait change. Journal of research in personality, 46, 295–305.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.02.009
15. Gomes F.C., de Andrade A.G., Izbicki R., Moreira Almeida A& Oliveira L.G. (2013). Religion as a protect ive factor against drug use among Brazilian university students: a national survey. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria, 35(1), 29-37.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbp.2012.05.010
16. Moore, E.W., Berkley-Patton, J.Y., &Hawes, S.M. (2013). Religiosity, Alcohol Use, and Sex Behaviors Among College Student-Athletes. J Relig Health. 52(3), 930-40.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-011-9543-z
17. Rezaei, J. (2018). Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy with Emphasis on Islamic-Based Spiritual Beliefs on Increasing the Spirituality and Mental Health of Multiple Sclerosis Patients; a Case Study of Markazi Province, Iran. Islamic Life Journal, 2(1), 5-12.[Persian]
18. Carlson, K. M., & González-Prendes, A. A. (2016). Cognitive behavioral therapy with religious and spiritual clients: A critical perspective. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 18(4), 253-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19349637.2016.1159940
19. Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour research and therapy, 44(1), 1-25.
20. Florensa, M. V. A., Keliat, B. A., Wardani, I. Y., & Sulistiowati, N. M. D. (2019). Promoting the Mental Health of Adolescents through Cognitive Behavior Group Therapy and Family Psychoeducation. Comprehensive child and adolescent nursing, 42(sup1), 267-276.https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2019.1594459
21. A-tjak, J. G., Davis, M. L., Morina, N., Powers, M. B., Smits, J. A., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2015). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy for clinically relevant mental and physical health problems. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 84(1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1159/000365764.
22. Hayes, S. C., & Lillis, J. (2012). Theories of psychotherapy series. Acceptance and commitment therapy. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
23. Harada, T., Tsutomi, H., Mori, R., & Wilson, D. B. (2019). Cognitive‐behavioural treatment for amphetamine‐type stimulants (ATS)‐use disorders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (12).https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1026
24. Morita, N., Suetsugu, S., Shimane, T., Okasaka, Y., Kiyoshige, T., & Iwai, K. (2007). Development of a manualized cognitive behavioral therapy program for Japanese drug addicts and a study of the efficacy of the program. Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi, 42(5), 487-505.
25. Granillo, M.T., Perron, B.E., Jarman, C & Gutowski, S.M. (2012). Cognitive behavioral therapy with substance use disorders: Theory, evidence, and practice. In Social Work Practice in the Addictions. Springer New York. 101-118. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5357-4_7
26. Azkhosh, M., Farhoudianm, A., Saadati, H., Shoaee, F., & Lashani, L. (2016). Comparing acceptance and commitment group therapy and 12-steps Narcotics Anonymous in Addict’s rehabilitation process: a randomized controlled trial. Iranian journal of psychiatry, 11(4), 244. PMCID:PMC5206327
27. Narimani, M., Abbasi, M., Abolghasemi, A., & Ahadi, B. (2013). A study comparing the effectiveness of acceptance/commitment by emotional regulation training on adjustment in students with dyscalculia. Journal of Learning Disabilities,2(4),177-185. [Persian]
28. Babapour Kheiroddin, J., Toosi, F., & Hekmati, I. (2010). Study of determinant factors role of students’ social well-being. Journal of Psychology, 16(4), 1-19. [Persian]
29. Pourafkari, N. (2011). The examination of factor affecting on social health’ students in Paveh city.iau- shoshtar, 6(18): 41-60. [Persian]
30. Janbabaei, G., Esmaeili, R., Mosavinasab, N., & Rajbar, M. (2014). A survey of the role of spiritual health and its related factors in the patients with metastatic digestive cancer. Journal of Religion and Health, 2(1), 9-14. [Persian]
31. Fathi, N., Shahmoradi, M., Sheikhi, S. (2016). The impact of life skills training on mental health and individual-social adjustment in male students in the first year of high schools in Shoush city. Journal of Educational Studies, Aja University of Medical Sciences, 4(7), 1-10. [Persian]
32. Nemati, M., Dokaneheeifard, F., & Behboodi, M. (2020). Comparing Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) and Combining ACT & EFT in the Spiritual Well-being of Couples Referring to Counseling Centers in Sari: An Experimental Study. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat, 6(1), 87-99.https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i1.21369.
33. Rostami, M., Rasouli, M., & Kasaee, A. (2019). Comparison of the effect of group counseling based on spirituality-based therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on improving the quality of life the elderly. Journal of Applied Counseling, 9(1), 87-110. [Persian]
34. Wang, J., Mann, F., Lloyd-Evans, B., Ma, R., & Johnson, S. (2018). Associations between loneliness and perceived social support and outcomes of mental health problems: a systematic review. BMC psychiatry, 18(1), 156.
35. Hart, S. L., Hoyt, M. A., Diefenbach, M., Anderson, D. R., Kilbourn, K. M., Craft, L. L.,&Spring, B. (2012). Meta-analysis of efficacy of interventions for elevated depressive symptoms in adults diagnosed with cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 104(13), 990-1004. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djs256
36. Carroll, K. M., & Onken, L. S. (2005). Behavioral therapies for drug abuse. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(8), 1452-1460.https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1452
37. Karamoozian, M., Baghery, M., Darekordi, A., & Aminizadeh, M. (2014). Impact of Cognitive – Behavioral Group therapy Stress Management Intervention on mental health and pain coping strategies breast cancer patients. Ijbd, 7(2), 56-66. [Persian]
38. Mollazade, J., & Ashouri, A. (2009). The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in improve-ment of relapse prevention skills and mental health in the addicts. Scientific Journal of Clinical Psychology & Personality, 1(34), 1-12. [Persian]
39. Kooistra, L. C., Wiersma, J. E., Ruwaard, J., Neijenhuijs, K., Lokkerbol, J., van Oppen, P., & Riper, H. (2019). Cost and effectiveness of blended versus standard cognitive behavioral therapy for outpatients with depression in routine specialized mental health care: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal of medical Internet research, 21(10), e14261.doi:10.2196/14261
40. Wright, J., Basco, M., & Thase, M. (2008). Learning Cognitive-Behavior Therapy: An Illustrated Guide. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry, 10(3), 256. PMCID: PMC2446490
41. Mahmoudi, H., & Ghaderi, S. (2017). Effectiveness Of Acceptance And Commitment Group Therapy In Reducing Depression, Stress, And Anxiety Among Ex-Addicts In Tabriz Central. Prisonresearch On Addiction, 11(43).
42. Choi, D., & Kim, S. (2017). An integrative review of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for mental health problem. Korean Journal of Stress Research, 25(2), 75-85.https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2017.25.2.75
43. Twohig, M. P., & Levin, M. E. (2017). Acceptance and commitment therapy as a treatment for anxiety and depression: A review. Psychiatric Clinics, 40(4), 751-770.doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.009.
44. Azizi, S., RasoolZade Tabatabaie, K., & Janbozorgi, M. (2019). Comparing the Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on Depression Taking into Account the Level of Psycho-Spiritual Development (Case Study). Quarterly of Clinical Psychology Studies Allameh Tabataba’i University, 9 (35), 147-72.
45. Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change. 2th ed. New York: Guilford Press.
46. Mohagheghi, H., Dousti, P., & Jafari, D. (2016). The Effectiveness Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy On Reduction, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia And Health Anxiety In Students. Quarterly Journal Of Clinical Psychology, 23(6), 81-94. (Persian)
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| Issue | Vol 5, No 4 (2021) | |
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| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/htaa.v5i4.10166 | |
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| effectiveness Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy Social Health Spiritual Health Mental Health | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Choobdari M, Bahrainian SA, Shahabizadeh F. Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Group Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy in Mental, Spiritual, and Social Health of Addicts. Health Tech Ass Act. 2022;5(4).
