Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Self-efficacy Theory and Selfregulatory Strategies on Physical Activity of Prehypertensive Individuals
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of healthy lifestyle education in the prevention and control of hypertension and the timely identification of pre-hypertensive individuals, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of educational intervention based on self-efficacy theory and self-regulatory strategies on the physical activity of pre-hypertensive individuals.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 90 people aged 30 to 59 referred to urban health centers in Nehbandan in 2021. They were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 50 (intervention and control). Data were collected by questionnaires on demographic information, hypertension knowledge, self-efficacy of physical activity, and physical activity by the self-administered method. After the pretest, the intervention group received six training sessions in four weeks. The posttest was performed in two groups
immediately and three months after the training sessions. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance, Bonferroni post hoc test, independent t-test, and chi-square test in SPSS version 21software.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 45.80 ± 8.31 in the control group and 44.95 ± 8.20 in the intervention group. Data analysis showed the equality of knowledge, self-efficacy, and physical activity between the two groups before the intervention (P > 0.05). After the intervention, a significant increase was observed in the mean scores of knowledge, self-efficacy, and physical activity in the intervention group immediately and three months after the intervention (P<0.05). Also, the levels of knowledge, self-efficacy, and physical activity were significantly lower in the control group than in the intervention group (P<0.001).
Conclusions: The present study showed the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on self-efficacy theory and self-regulatory strategies on physical activity of pre-hypertensive individuals. Therefore, this theory is proposed to design educational interventions to promote regular physical activity.
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2. Ahmadi A, Hasanzadeh J, Rajaefard A. To determine the relative factors on hypertension in Kohrang, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province, 2007. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology. 2008;4(2).
3. Mohammadi M, Dadkhah B, Mozaffari N. The effect of follow up on control of hypertension on hypertensive patient. J Ardebil Univ Med Sci. 2006;6(2):156-62.
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8. Khosravi A, Emamian MH, Shariati M, Hashemi H, Fotouhi A. The prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension in an Iranian urban population. High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention. 2014;21(2):127-35.
9. Wang Y, Wang QJ. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among US adults according to the new joint national committee guidelines: new challenges of the old problem. Archives of internal medicine. 2004;164(19):2126-34.
10. Namazi M, Saffari M, Sanaei Nasab H, Sepandi M, Samadi M, Azad Marzabadi E, et al. The effect of healthy life style education through sending SMS on blood pressure among pre-hypertensive military personnel. EBNESINA. 2017;19(1):63-6.
11. Sharifirad G, Mohebbi S, Matlabi M. The relationship of physical activity in middle age and cardiovascular problems in old age in retired people in Isfahan, 2006. The Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2007;13(2):57-63.
12. Mohebi F, Mohajer B, Yoosefi M, Sheidaei A, Zokaei H, Damerchilu B, et al. Physical activity profile of the Iranian population: STEPS survey, 2016. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1266.
13. Moradi G, Mostafavi F, Piroozi B, Zareie B, Mahboobi M, Rasouli MA. The prevalence of physical inactivity in Iranian adolescents and the impact of economic and social inequalities on it: results of a National Study in 2018. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1499.
14. Joekes K, Maes S, Warrens M. Predicting quality of life and self‐management from dyadic support and overprotection after myocardial infarction. British journal of health psychology. 2007;12(4):473-89.
15. Soorand AH. The impact of curriculum based on Theory of Planned Behavior on hypertension's related behaviors: Birjand University of Medical Sciences; 2013.
16. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control: New York: Freedom and Company. 1997.
17. Keshavarz Z, Simbar M, Ramezankhani A. Effective factors on nutritional behavior of female workers based on. 2010.
18. Peyman N. The effect of education based on self-efficacy strategies in changing postpartum physical activity. Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2016;59(5):328-36.
19. Bandura AJHe, behavior. Health promotion by social cognitive means. 2004;31(2):143-64.
20. Jayne RL, Rankin SHJJoNS. Application of Leventhal's self‐regulation model to Chinese immigrants with type 2 diabetes. 2001;33(1):53-9.
21. Baghianimoghadam M, Aivazi S, Mzloomy S, Baghianimoghadam B. Factors in relation with self–regulation of Hypertension, based on the Model of Goal Directed behavior in Yazd city. Journal of medicine and life. 2011;4(1):30.
22. Khosravi A, Ansari R, Shirani S, Baghaei A. The causes of failure to control hypertension in population aged over 65. Journal of Inflammatory Disease. 2005;9(2):8-14.
23. Martin Ginis KA, Latimer AE, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Bassett RL, Wolfe DL, Hanna SE. Determinants of physical activity among people with spinal cord injury: a test of social cognitive theory. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2011;42(1):127-33.
24. Macdonald A, Palfai T. Predictors of exercise behavior among university student women: Utility of a goal-systems/self-regulation theory framework. Personality and Individual Differences. 2008;44(4):921-31.
25. Nehl EJ. Exploring ethnic specific physical activity correlates among university students using the Social Cognitive Theory: Indiana University; 2009.
26. Umstattd MR, Saunders R, Wilcox S, Valois RF, Dowda M. Correlates of self-regulation for physical activity among older adults. American Journal of Health Behavior. 2006;30(6):710-9.
27. Babaei-Sis M, Ranjbaran S, Mahmoodi H, Babazadeh T,Moradi F, Mirzaeian K. The effect of educational intervention of life style modification on blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. J Educ Community Health. 2016;3(1):12-9.
28. Ramezankhani A, Pooresmaeili A, Rakhshandehrou S, Khodakarim S.Impact of educational intervention on high blood pressure-related knowledge, attitude and preventive behavior among women in Islamshahr City. J Health in the Field. 2016;4:28-34.
29. Noroozi A, Afrazeh E, Tahmasebi R. Effect of gain-and loss-framed messages on knowledge, self-efficacy and self-management in diabetic patients: A randomized clinical trial. HAYAT. 2018;24(1).
30. Emami RS, Ardebili HE, Golestan B. Effect of a Health Education Intervention on Physical Activity Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior in Health Volunteers. Hayat. 2010;16.
31. Jalilian N, Tavafian SS, Aghamolaei T, Ahmadi S. The effects of health education program on knowledge and attitudes of people suffering from hypertention %J Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion. 2014;1(4):37-44.
32. Kamran A, Shekarchi A, Sharifirad G, Sharifian E, Shekarchi LJJoHH. Evaluating dietary perceptions education program among rural hypertensive patients on commitment and adherence to healthy diet. 2015;1(1):7.
33. Lu C-H, Tang S-T,Lei Y-X, Zhang M-Q, Lin W-Q, Ding S-H, et al. Community-based interventions in hypertensive patients: a comparison of three health education strategies. 2015;15(1):1-9.
34. Edwards R, Unwin N, Mugusi F, Whiting D, Rashid S, Kissima J, et al. Hypertensionprevalence and care in an urban and rural area of Tanzania. 2000;18(2):145-52.
35. Baljani E, Rahimi J, Amanpour E, Salimi S, Parkhashjoo M. Effects of a nursing intervention on improving self-efficacy and reducing cardiovascular risk factors in patientswith cardiovascular diseases. 2011.
36. Solimanian A, NIKNAMI S, Hajizadeh I, Shojaeezadeh D, Tavousi M. Predictors of physical activity to prevent osteoporosis based on extended health belief model. 2014.
37. Kaveh Savadkooh O, Zakerimoghadam M, Gheyasvandian S, Kazemnejad AJJoMUoMS. Effect of self-management program on self-efficacy in hypertensive patients. 2012;22(92):19-28.
38. Sol BG, van der Graaf Y, van der Bijl JJ, Goessens BM, Visseren FLJPe, counseling. The role of self-efficacy in vascular risk factor management: a randomized controlled trial. 2008;71(2):191-7.
39. Williams SL, French DPJHer. What are the most effective intervention techniques for changing physical activity self-efficacy and physical activity behaviour—and are they the same? .22-308:(2)26:2011
400. Hortz BV. Evaluation of a social cognitive theory based physical activity intervention targeting leisure time physical exercise: The Ohio State University; 2005.
41. Bahrami Nejad N, Hanifi N, Moosavi Nasab NJJoID. Comparing the effect of two family-and individual-based interventions on blood pressure and lifestyle. 2008;12(1):62-79.
42. Simces ZL, Ross SE, Rabkin SWJBMJ. Diagnosis of hypertension and lifestyle modifications for its management. 2012;54(8):392-8.
43. Stefani L, Mascherini G, Scacciati I, De Luca A, Maffulli N, Galanti GJAjosm. Positive effect of the use of accelerometry on lifestyle awareness of overweight hypertensive patients. 2013;4(4):241.
44. Anshel MH, Kang MJJoCHC. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing onchanges in fitness, blood lipids, and exercise adherence of police officers: an outcome-based action study. 2008;14(1):48-62.
45. Ahmadi Tabatabaei S, Taghdisi M, Nakheei N, Balali FJJoBUoMS. Effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behaviour on the physical activities of Kerman health center's staff (2008). 2010;12(2):62-9.
46. Etaat M, Tabatabaye Z, Motamed Jahromi S, Yosefi P, Sedigh S, Tajiki S. Predictors of Blood Pressure in Iranian Women- A Narrative Review %J The Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2020;28(8):2889-904.
2. Ahmadi A, Hasanzadeh J, Rajaefard A. To determine the relative factors on hypertension in Kohrang, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province, 2007. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology. 2008;4(2).
3. Mohammadi M, Dadkhah B, Mozaffari N. The effect of follow up on control of hypertension on hypertensive patient. J Ardebil Univ Med Sci. 2006;6(2):156-62.
4. Woods S, Sivarajan E, Underhill M, Bridges E. Cardiac nursing Printed in china. Philadelphia: Lippincott and Wilkins; 2010.
5. Oori MJ, Mohammadi F, Norozi K, Fallahi-Khoshknab M, Ebadi A, Gheshlagh RG. Prevalence of HTN in Iran: Meta-analysis of Published Studies in 2004-2018. Curr Hypertens Rev. 2019;15(2):113-22.
6. Kazemi T, Hajihosseini M, Mashreghimoghadam H, Azdaki N, Ziaee M. Prevalence and Determinants of Hypertension among Iranian Adults, Birjand, Iran. Int J Prev Med. 2017;8:36-.
7. Delavar A, Horri N, Haghighi S, Alikhani S, Mahdavi A, Hosseini SM, et al. Hypertension and pre-hypertension: prevalence , awareness and management among iranian adults older than 20 years. Journal of medical council of iran. 2007;24(4):372-80.
8. Khosravi A, Emamian MH, Shariati M, Hashemi H, Fotouhi A. The prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension in an Iranian urban population. High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention. 2014;21(2):127-35.
9. Wang Y, Wang QJ. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among US adults according to the new joint national committee guidelines: new challenges of the old problem. Archives of internal medicine. 2004;164(19):2126-34.
10. Namazi M, Saffari M, Sanaei Nasab H, Sepandi M, Samadi M, Azad Marzabadi E, et al. The effect of healthy life style education through sending SMS on blood pressure among pre-hypertensive military personnel. EBNESINA. 2017;19(1):63-6.
11. Sharifirad G, Mohebbi S, Matlabi M. The relationship of physical activity in middle age and cardiovascular problems in old age in retired people in Isfahan, 2006. The Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2007;13(2):57-63.
12. Mohebi F, Mohajer B, Yoosefi M, Sheidaei A, Zokaei H, Damerchilu B, et al. Physical activity profile of the Iranian population: STEPS survey, 2016. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1266.
13. Moradi G, Mostafavi F, Piroozi B, Zareie B, Mahboobi M, Rasouli MA. The prevalence of physical inactivity in Iranian adolescents and the impact of economic and social inequalities on it: results of a National Study in 2018. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1499.
14. Joekes K, Maes S, Warrens M. Predicting quality of life and self‐management from dyadic support and overprotection after myocardial infarction. British journal of health psychology. 2007;12(4):473-89.
15. Soorand AH. The impact of curriculum based on Theory of Planned Behavior on hypertension's related behaviors: Birjand University of Medical Sciences; 2013.
16. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control: New York: Freedom and Company. 1997.
17. Keshavarz Z, Simbar M, Ramezankhani A. Effective factors on nutritional behavior of female workers based on. 2010.
18. Peyman N. The effect of education based on self-efficacy strategies in changing postpartum physical activity. Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2016;59(5):328-36.
19. Bandura AJHe, behavior. Health promotion by social cognitive means. 2004;31(2):143-64.
20. Jayne RL, Rankin SHJJoNS. Application of Leventhal's self‐regulation model to Chinese immigrants with type 2 diabetes. 2001;33(1):53-9.
21. Baghianimoghadam M, Aivazi S, Mzloomy S, Baghianimoghadam B. Factors in relation with self–regulation of Hypertension, based on the Model of Goal Directed behavior in Yazd city. Journal of medicine and life. 2011;4(1):30.
22. Khosravi A, Ansari R, Shirani S, Baghaei A. The causes of failure to control hypertension in population aged over 65. Journal of Inflammatory Disease. 2005;9(2):8-14.
23. Martin Ginis KA, Latimer AE, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Bassett RL, Wolfe DL, Hanna SE. Determinants of physical activity among people with spinal cord injury: a test of social cognitive theory. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2011;42(1):127-33.
24. Macdonald A, Palfai T. Predictors of exercise behavior among university student women: Utility of a goal-systems/self-regulation theory framework. Personality and Individual Differences. 2008;44(4):921-31.
25. Nehl EJ. Exploring ethnic specific physical activity correlates among university students using the Social Cognitive Theory: Indiana University; 2009.
26. Umstattd MR, Saunders R, Wilcox S, Valois RF, Dowda M. Correlates of self-regulation for physical activity among older adults. American Journal of Health Behavior. 2006;30(6):710-9.
27. Babaei-Sis M, Ranjbaran S, Mahmoodi H, Babazadeh T,Moradi F, Mirzaeian K. The effect of educational intervention of life style modification on blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. J Educ Community Health. 2016;3(1):12-9.
28. Ramezankhani A, Pooresmaeili A, Rakhshandehrou S, Khodakarim S.Impact of educational intervention on high blood pressure-related knowledge, attitude and preventive behavior among women in Islamshahr City. J Health in the Field. 2016;4:28-34.
29. Noroozi A, Afrazeh E, Tahmasebi R. Effect of gain-and loss-framed messages on knowledge, self-efficacy and self-management in diabetic patients: A randomized clinical trial. HAYAT. 2018;24(1).
30. Emami RS, Ardebili HE, Golestan B. Effect of a Health Education Intervention on Physical Activity Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior in Health Volunteers. Hayat. 2010;16.
31. Jalilian N, Tavafian SS, Aghamolaei T, Ahmadi S. The effects of health education program on knowledge and attitudes of people suffering from hypertention %J Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion. 2014;1(4):37-44.
32. Kamran A, Shekarchi A, Sharifirad G, Sharifian E, Shekarchi LJJoHH. Evaluating dietary perceptions education program among rural hypertensive patients on commitment and adherence to healthy diet. 2015;1(1):7.
33. Lu C-H, Tang S-T,Lei Y-X, Zhang M-Q, Lin W-Q, Ding S-H, et al. Community-based interventions in hypertensive patients: a comparison of three health education strategies. 2015;15(1):1-9.
34. Edwards R, Unwin N, Mugusi F, Whiting D, Rashid S, Kissima J, et al. Hypertensionprevalence and care in an urban and rural area of Tanzania. 2000;18(2):145-52.
35. Baljani E, Rahimi J, Amanpour E, Salimi S, Parkhashjoo M. Effects of a nursing intervention on improving self-efficacy and reducing cardiovascular risk factors in patientswith cardiovascular diseases. 2011.
36. Solimanian A, NIKNAMI S, Hajizadeh I, Shojaeezadeh D, Tavousi M. Predictors of physical activity to prevent osteoporosis based on extended health belief model. 2014.
37. Kaveh Savadkooh O, Zakerimoghadam M, Gheyasvandian S, Kazemnejad AJJoMUoMS. Effect of self-management program on self-efficacy in hypertensive patients. 2012;22(92):19-28.
38. Sol BG, van der Graaf Y, van der Bijl JJ, Goessens BM, Visseren FLJPe, counseling. The role of self-efficacy in vascular risk factor management: a randomized controlled trial. 2008;71(2):191-7.
39. Williams SL, French DPJHer. What are the most effective intervention techniques for changing physical activity self-efficacy and physical activity behaviour—and are they the same? .22-308:(2)26:2011
400. Hortz BV. Evaluation of a social cognitive theory based physical activity intervention targeting leisure time physical exercise: The Ohio State University; 2005.
41. Bahrami Nejad N, Hanifi N, Moosavi Nasab NJJoID. Comparing the effect of two family-and individual-based interventions on blood pressure and lifestyle. 2008;12(1):62-79.
42. Simces ZL, Ross SE, Rabkin SWJBMJ. Diagnosis of hypertension and lifestyle modifications for its management. 2012;54(8):392-8.
43. Stefani L, Mascherini G, Scacciati I, De Luca A, Maffulli N, Galanti GJAjosm. Positive effect of the use of accelerometry on lifestyle awareness of overweight hypertensive patients. 2013;4(4):241.
44. Anshel MH, Kang MJJoCHC. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing onchanges in fitness, blood lipids, and exercise adherence of police officers: an outcome-based action study. 2008;14(1):48-62.
45. Ahmadi Tabatabaei S, Taghdisi M, Nakheei N, Balali FJJoBUoMS. Effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behaviour on the physical activities of Kerman health center's staff (2008). 2010;12(2):62-9.
46. Etaat M, Tabatabaye Z, Motamed Jahromi S, Yosefi P, Sedigh S, Tajiki S. Predictors of Blood Pressure in Iranian Women- A Narrative Review %J The Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2020;28(8):2889-904.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 5, No 3 (2021) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/htaa.v5i3.9343 | |
| Keywords | ||
| educational intervention, physical activity, hypertension, self-efficacy, self-regulation | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Taghavi M, Salmani F, Norozi E. Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Self-efficacy Theory and Selfregulatory Strategies on Physical Activity of Prehypertensive Individuals. Health Tech Ass Act. 2022;5(3).
