Tehran University of Medical Sciences Health Technology Assessment in Action 2645-3835 8 4 2024 10 28 301 301 EN Nayeb Dehcheshmeh ahvaz Hamed Abdollahi 2Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran Mohammadhosein Haghighizadeh Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran. Farzad Faraji-Khiavi Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran. 2024 05 14 2024 06 23 Background: Due to the increasing costs of the health system and limited financial resources, healthcare policymakers should apply more cost-effective strategies. This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of laparotomy cholecystectomy with laparoscopy. Methods: This economic evaluation was performed on patients with cholecystitis who were candidate for surgery in a private hospital in Ahvaz, in 2021. Data collection tools consisted of 4 parts: 1) demographic information checklist; 2) clinical information checklist; 3) cost checklist and 4) effectiveness assessment tool. We used SPSS22 and STATA14.2 for data analysis. One-way sensitivity analysis and Tornado diagrams were performed using Tree Age software. Results:  The mean total effectiveness score in patients treated with laparoscopy 83.44 (SD = 11.34) was higher than those treated with laparotomy 68.39 (SD = 13.61). This difference was statistically significant in all effectiveness criteria except for postoperative infection dimensions and length of operation (P-value <0.001). The mean cost in patients undergoing laparoscopy was significantly higher than those undergoing laparotomy (481.43 $ VS 459.49 $), but overall laparoscopic treatment (5.77) was more cost-effective than laparotomy (6.71). The cost-effectiveness of the laparoscopic procedure was approximately 1.47 $ per effectiveness unit cheaper than laparotomy, according to the ICER. According to one-way sensitivity analysis, the laparotomy method was still more effective by changing the cost and effectiveness components. Conclusion:  Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy was more expensive than laparotomy cholecystectomy, it was generally more cost-effective. The results of this research may help Iran’s health system policymakers and managers in order to extend laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hospitals. https://htainaction.tums.ac.ir/index.php/hta/article/view/301 https://htainaction.tums.ac.ir/index.php/hta/article/download/301/170